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It is a proxy frequently referred to as a proxy server is software that sits as an intermediary between the client and server on the internet. Without the use of proxy servers, users would make a request a resource directly to a server and it would serve the requested resource directly to the user. It isn't difficult to comprehend and apply the addition of proxies can bring benefits such as greater performance, privacy, security, and more. As an additional layer of pass-through, they serve as a security barrier on the internet, separating clients and servers.




The general set of server hardware along with the software used to install proxy is usually referred to as proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxies that are typically thought of as software, and in relation to web servers. This article will give details of the two main kinds of proxies. They include forward and reverse. forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each has a distinct use scenario, which is often misunderstood because of the similar the naming convention.




This article will provide you with an idea of the what proxies and their subtypes are, as well as how they work in typical setups. Through this guide, you'll be able to understand how to recognize the situations that using proxies can be advantageous, and choose the correct solution in between reverse and forward proxy, for each situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



In other words a forward proxy, also called an open proxy acts as the representative of a customer who wants to send requests via on the web to an original server. In this case, all requests sent by the client will be sent to the forward proxy. In this case the forward proxy acting in place in the place of the customer will review the request. First, it must check if the client is authorized to accept requests from this specific forward proxy. The client will either decline the request or forward it to its origin server. The client is not able to have direct access to the internet but it is able to connect to what the forward proxy permits it to connect to.




The primary reason for people to use forward proxies is to increase privacy or security online. A forward proxy uses the internet in lieu of a client, and in that process it may use a different IP address to the client's original IP address.




Depending on how it's setup, and how it is configured forward proxy could provide many features and also the ability to:




Avoid ad tracking.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find limitations based on the geographic place of residence.




Forward proxies can also be used in systems that offer centralized security and access that is based on permissions like in the workplace. If all traffic on the internet flows via an open forward proxy, an administrator could grant access only to specific users to the internet filtered by an ordinary firewall. Instead of putting firewalls in place for the client layer, that could contain several devices that have various settings, users and environments, a firewall can be set up at the forward proxy layer.




It is important to note that forward proxy servers must be manually configured for use before they can be used, while reverse proxy servers are able to be ignored by clients. Depending on whether the IP address of the user is transferred to the origin server via the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity may be provided or rendered more transparent.




There are a myriad of options to explore options for forward proxy options




Apache The Apache is a popular open-source web server that offers forward proxy functionality.


Nginx: Another well-known open-source webserver with forward proxy capability.


Squid is a free forward proxy based on the HTTP protocol. This doesn't offer the entire web server. Check out our article on the best method to set up Squid proxy that allows private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward proxy that makes use of the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it more suitable for situations such as peer-to-peer traffic. It is also possible to look into how to setup the Dante proxy to connect privately using Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy functions to act as an agent of web servers, taking care of the incoming requests of customers on its behalf. The web server could be comprised of one server or multiple servers. It could also be used for application servers, like Gunicorn. In both cases, the request can be made by a client via the internet at large. The majority of the time, this request is sent directly to the website server that has the resources that the user needs. Instead, a reverse proxy acts as an intermediary in order to protect your website server from any interactions with the internet's public.




From a client's perspective the experience of using reverse proxy is the same as communicating directly with your webserver. It is functionally identical, and the user is unable to discern the difference. Client requests resources and is then able to receive it with no additional configuration needed by the client.




Reverse proxy providers offer features such as:




Centralized security on webservers.


Directing traffic in accordance with rules you create.


New caching functionality has been added.




While centralized security is an advantage for both reverse and forward proxy, the reverse one offers this service to only the server layer and not to the layer that clients use. instead of maintaining firewalls for Web server layers that could include multiple servers with different configurations, the bulk of firewall security can be centered in the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, getting rid of the responsibility of interacting with firewalls as well as interacting with client requests far from web servers allows the firewall to concentrate on addressing the needs of their customers.




In the case of multiple servers behind a reverse proxy the reverse proxy also is responsible to control which requests are placed on which server. There could be multiple web servers that provide the same service, serving different types of resources or a mix of both. They may use the HTTP protocol like a traditional web server, however they could also be outfitted with applications server protocols, such as FastCGI. A reverse proxy to send clients to specific servers based on the kind of resource they are looking for, or to comply with specific rules regarding traffic volume.




Reverse proxies can also take advantage of their position on top of web servers, by providing the possibility of storing information. Large static files can be set up with caching policies to avoid hitting web servers with each request. Some solutions providing the option to serve static content directly without touching the web server at all. Additionally reverse proxy is capable of compressing these files.




The popular Nginx webserver is a reliable reverse proxy solution. Although it is true that the Apache web server also comes with reverse-proxy capabilities feature, however it's a distinct function of Apache but Nginx was initially designed to focus on reverse proxy functions.



The distinction between Forward and Proxy Use Differentiating Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use



Because "forward" along with "reverse" are associated with directionality, they can be misleading when comparing "incoming" or "outgoing" traffic. These labels are confusing because both kinds of proxies are capable of handling requests and also respond. Instead, a better way to distinguish between reverse or forward proxies is to look at the requirements of the app that you're developing.




Reverse proxy is an essential feature when designing a solution that can provide web-based applications on the internet. They function as servers when you are connected to the internet.




A forward proxy is beneficial when presented to users for personal usage, or even in a business setting. They represent your clients when you interact with the internet.




The use case-based differentiation instead of focusing solely on naming conventions that are similar can help avoid confusion.



Conclusion



The article clarified what a proxy was and the two kinds of them: both reverse and forward proxy. Practical application scenarios as well as an analysis of useful features was used to differentiate between reverse and forward proxies. If you're interested to learn more about the possibilities of proxies, you can read our tutorial on how to set up Nginx as an internet server and reverse proxy in Apache in Ubuntu 20.04. Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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